Know the Parts of Your Septic System

Follow the wastewater

This diagram shows one common gravity layout. Pumps, aerobic treatment units, and other equipment can change the route.

Septic tank: Holds wastewater while solids settle and grease floats. See how the tank separates solids.
Riser and lid: The riser brings an access opening closer to ground level. The secured lid covers it. Leave lids closed and have damage assessed by a professional.
Effluent filter: Helps keep particles from leaving the tank with the liquid. See common filters and why they need care.
Distribution box: Splits flow among drain field lines on systems that use one. Learn about distribution boxes.
Drain field: Spreads liquid across an area of soil for further treatment. Keep vehicles and heavy equipment off it.
Pump: Moves liquid where gravity alone can’t do the job, or sends it out in controlled doses on some systems.
Aerator: Adds oxygen to an aerobic treatment unit. Compare aerobic and conventional systems.
Alarm: Alerts you to a condition that needs attention, such as a high liquid level. See what to do when it sounds.